12 Principles of Animation
From Animation
Squash and Stretch
Squash and stretch describes how an object deforms under force while maintaining its overall volume. Squashing occurs when an object compresses from impact or pressure, while stretching occurs during fast movement or acceleration. This deformation communicates material properties such as softness, rigidity, or elasticity.
Used correctly, squash and stretch gives motion a sense of weight and physical credibility. Without it, movement appears stiff and mechanical. The principle applies not only to cartoon objects but also to facial animation, body motion, and subtle deformations in realistic characters.
